Eight years have passed since the update of the European recommendations for the management of pericarditis [1], and the pandemic of the new coronavirus continues for about 3 years of the period. It has changed the structure and course of all cardiovascular diseases. At present, there is no doubt that a new coronavirus SARS-CоV-2 is the dominant cause of pericarditis. However, such non-infectious causes as systemic inflammatory diseases, paraneoplasic diseases and postpericardiotomy syndromes remain relevant, and require a differentiated therapeutic strategy. For a better understanding of the parameters for a treatment regimen choice, a systematic review considers the pathogenesis of pericarditis development, taking into account modern ideas about infectious and immune mechanisms, as well as a high probability of SARS-CоV-2 virus combination with all the other existing causes. Particular attention is paid to publications on the diagnosis in pandemic conditions, and the effectiveness of pericarditis therapy regimens for inflammation of the heart structures associated with COVID-19. A literature review has been carried out with the use of the medical resources PubMed, Google Scholar, UpToDate, including publications dated from 01.1990 to 09.2022, and concerning the issues of differentiated therapy of pericarditis with various anti-inflammatory drugs.

In modern conditions, it is necessary to take into account many factors that affect both the course of the underlying disease and the course of postoperative rehabilitation and long-term results of surgical treatment to improve the results of treatment in cardiac surgery patients. One of these factors is neurological complications associated with cardiac surgery. The article represents a clinical classification of neurological complications of cardiac surgery with a description of the main pathophysiological mechanisms of their development, and the reasoning of a neurologist’s role expansion in the examination and treatment of cardiac surgery patients. Ranging patients according to the risk of developing neurological complications, working out individual protocols of neuroprotection, as well as the further study of pathophysiological mechanisms of nervous tissue damage with the identification of triggers for their prevention, will improve the results of cardiac surgery patients’ treatment and reduce the time of their postoperative recovery.

The control of musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is an important part of the complex treatment of rheumatic diseases (RD). Analgesic therapy still plays the leading role in osteoarthritis (OA) and chronic nonspecific back pain (most cases of this syndrome are associated with spinal OA) treatment. Despite the use of modern basic anti-inflammatory drugs (including biological and JAK inhibitors), the problem of MSP control remains relevant in immuno-inflammatory diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and spondyloarthritis. The pathogenesis of MSP is complex and closely related to the processes of damage, inflammation and degeneration. A fundamental role here belongs to local and systemic inflammatory response occurrence, which largely determines such elements of the pathogenesis of chronic MSP as peripheral and central sensitization. Depending on the prevailing pathogenesis mechanisms, MSP can manifest itself in several phenotypes: «inflammatory», «mechanical», «enthesopathic», associated with central sensitization. A combination with such symptoms as stiffness, fatigue, muscle tension, sleep disturbance, depression and anxiety is characteristic for MSP. The control should be comprehensive and must include the use of both drug and drug-free preparations. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, opioids, muscle relaxants, antidepressants and anticonvulsants, local injection therapy (glucocorticoids, hyaluronic acid, platelet-rich plasma), as well as methods of physiotherapy and rehabilitation are used in pain treatment.

The aim of the study is to analyze the nosological structure and dynamics of mortality from respiratory diseases and COVID-19 in 82 regions of the Russian Federation for the period of 2019–21. Material and methods. The data provided by Russian Statistics Committee for 2019–2021 on the average annual population and the number of deaths due to causes related to the diseases of the respiratory system (DRS (class J00–J99) and new coronavirus infection (U07.1–U07.2 )is used. Standardized death rate (SDR) has been calculated, regional averages for 82 regions of Russia have been determined. Results. For the period of 2019–2021, the increase in the average regional values of SDR from DRS was +34.4 ± 23.4 per 100 thousand people (from 36.6 ± 17.9 to 71.0 ± 39.3 per 100 thousand people). A significant regional variability of SDR was revealed (the maximum SDR differed from the minimum by 17 times in 2019 and 20 times in 2020). The contribution of DRS to all-cause mortality ranged from low of 1.2% in 2019 to high of 13.4% in 2021. The greatest contribution to the structure of DRS is made by other chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (ICD-10 codes J42, J41, J44, taken into account in one line in the BNMC), pneumonia without specifying the pathogen, bacterial and viral pneumonia. In 2021, compared to 2019, the largest increase in SDR was recorded for the following nosologies: pneumonia without pathogen specification (+17.9 ± 8.47), viral pneumonia (+11.71 ± 1.74), bacterial pneumonia (+2, 2 ± 2.73). In 2021, compared to 2020, the increase in SDR from COVID-19 was 238.1% (222.41 ± 6.38 vs 65.79 ± 3.22). In 2020, SDR from COVID-19 was higher than SDR from DRS in 49 regions, in 2021 — in 77 regions. A negative correlation was detected between SDR from DRS and SDR from COVID-19 (−0.47; p < 0.0001). Conclusions. Increase in DRS deaths in 2020 and 2021 compared to 2019, mainly due to pneumonia, is caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, and significant variability in regional SDRs is probably due not only to the severity of the pathology, but also to the characteristic features of causes of death coding.

The article provides comparative analysis of the current studies on the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) for the treatment of lichen sclerosus. The analysis includes 9 articles on efficiency of PRP in patients with genital lichen sclerosus. The article includes a listing of research and methods for evaluating the effect of therapy protocols. Most of the studies have shown a good therapeutic effect of the disease treatment with platelet-rich plasma. PRP may be used to quickly resolve subjective symptoms and reduce inflammation, as well as to treat synechia and cicatricial conditions. However, a problem concerning the mechanism of PRP, combined therapy with PRP, and topical steroids, has not been studied yet. It is necessary to conduct additional studies that will help to determine the number of procedures, and the interval between them. It is also necessary to develop criteria for evaluating the therapy effect, which includes histological examination.

Aim. To study the effectiveness of monafram during percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome in critical state. Material and methods. The results of emergency intervention were analyzed in 1794 patients with acute occlusion of the culprit artery, multifocal lesions of the coronary arteries. There were 2 equal groups of 794 patients each. In the 1st (main) group, Monafram was used before percutaneous coronary intervention; in the 2nd (control) group, the drug was not used. The efficiency of coronary blood flow reestablishment was evaluated according to the method of assessing the number of coronarography frames, when the revascularized artery was filled with a contrast agent: complete reestablishment of coronary blood flow was noted up to 20 frames, from 20 to 40 it was partial, and over 40 the coronary flow was not reestablished. The number of thrombotic complications after the intervention was recorded. Results. In group 1, coronary blood flow was completely reestablished in 56.7% of patients, partially — in 43.6%, and it was not reestablished in 0.7%; in group 2, in 46.4%, 51.9% and 1.7% of patients respectively. Thrombotic complications developed in 1.3% of patients in the 1st group, and in 4.5% of patients in the 2nd. Thrombosis did not develop when coronary blood flow was reestablished completely; it occurred in 0.2% when reestablished partially and in 61.9% of patients — when it was not reestablished. Conclusion. Monafram is highly effective in the prevention of the thrombotic complications development in critically ill patients.

The article is devoted to investigation the comparative efficacy of therapy with drugs of calcium antagonists with prolong action — dilren and altiasem PP in old patients, suffering from ischemic heart disease, stable stenocardia 2–3 functional class. There were established more efficacy of therapy with dilren then altiasem PP in the relation to clinical symptoms, hemodynamical parameters and their circadian chronostructure. These data manifested by more essential antianginal, antiischemic and vasodilated effects of dilren then of altiasem PP. There were more essential the increase of tolerance to physical loading, promotion of pumping myocardial function under the influence of dilren and tendency to normalization in circadian organization of hemodynamic parameters.

A clinical case of simultaneous development of two potentially life–threatening complications of pregnancy, HELLP syndrome and peripartum cardiomyopathy, which developed in a 34-year-old pregnant woman on the first day after cesarean section at 31–32 weeks due to severe preeclampsia, is described. Predisposing factors were age and sixth pregnancy. After the treatment carried out in accordance with the diagnosis, the patient was discharged from the hospital in a satisfactory condition under the supervision of a gynecologist and cardiologist at the place of residence.

Тhe article deals with the career of an outstanding Russian surgeon, a talented founder of military field surgery, an originator of one of the largest scientific surgical schools, a remarkable clinical surgeon, a well-known public figure, Professor Vladimir Andreevich Oppel.

Тhe article presents brief characteristics of the chiefs of medical departments activity who developed plans for the organization of troops medical countermeasures in the fronts during the Great Patriotic War.

The article presents the history of the Moscow Medical and Surgical Academy from 1798 to 1845. The information about the first departments of the Academy and the teaching staff of the departments, their biographical data are given. The relations of the Academy with the Moscow Military Hospital and Moscow University are presented. The history of the Academy is given against the background of events that took place in Russia at the beginning of the XIX century.