Peculiar features of arterial hypertension state on the background of atherosclerosis (clinical and instrumental comparisons)

A comparative analysis of the clinical and functional state of patients with arterial hypertension (AH), depending on the presence or absence of arterial sclerotic disease of the arterial bed is represented. 2 groups of 110 and 60 patients respectively were formed. The 1st group included persons with arterial hypertension (AH) and atherosclerotic changes in the arterial bed, the 2nd — with hypertension and without any atherosclerotic changes. It is shown that patients with hypertension and stenotic changes of the vascular bed are characterized by an increase in the levels of diastolic blood pressure and indicators of systolic and diastolic pressure load during the day. They have signs of structural changes in the cardiovascular system, as proved by indicators of arterial stiff ness, myocardium remodeling, circadian rhythms of blood pressure abnormalities, and, in addition, kidney damage in a chronic form of disease, stage 2–3.

On the contrary, hypertension without atherosclerotic changes of the vascular bed is characterized by higher values of systolic blood pressure, increased variability of systolic and diastolic blood pressure during the day, and, in addition, atherogenic dislipoproteinemia and hyperuricemy within the metabolic syndrome are present. As a clinical sign of atherosclerotic vascular changes in patients with hypertension, more “severe” blood pressure is observed. It requires combined antihypertensive therapy, consisting of 3 or more groups of medications.

1. Manual of cardiology in four volumes. Volume 4: Diseases of the cardiovascular system. Ed. Akad. E.I. Chazova. M.: Praktika, 2014:976. (In Russian).

2. Yabluchansky N.I., Makienko N.V. Atherosclerosis and arterial hypertension: two diseases — one strategy. Kharkiv: Avangard, 2011:203. (in Russian)

3. Kryukov E.V., Potekhin N.P., Fursov A.N., Chernetsov V.A., Sarkisov K.A., Makeeva T.G., Zakharova E.G. Comparative characteristics of individuals with high normal blood pressure depending on the size of the carotid artery «intima-media» complex. Arterial hypertension. 2016;22(1):41–98. (in Russian)

4. Khalafyan A.A. Modern statistical methods of medical research. Moscow: LKI, 2008:320. (in Russian)