Comorbidity in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases

Purpose of the study. To make an informed assessment of comorbidity in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases. To evaluate the effectiveness of comorbidity scales CCI and CIRS-G in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases under treatment. To evaluate the effect of the conducted immunochemotherapy on the general comorbidity in this category of patients.

Material and methods. Two scales were used for calculations: Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics (CIRS-G). 127 primary patients with lymphoproliferative diseases aged 19 to 95 years old (the average age was 51.4) were examined from January 2018 till October 2019. The distribution of patients was based on the types of diseases: non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas — 59 (46.46%), Hodgkin’s lymphoma — 35 (27.56%), multiple myeloma — 20 (15.77%), chronic lymphocytic leukemia — 7 (5.51%) people, Waldenstrom’s macroglobulinemia — 3 (2.36%); each of the following diseases: hairy cell leukemia, T-cell leukemia of large granular lymphocytes, T-cell prolymphocytic leukemia - 1, amounted to 0.78% each.

Results. Comorbidity was detected in 46 patients who received immunotherapy, chemotherapy, combined chemoradiotherapy, which amounted to 36.22% of the total number of patients. Lesions of the peripheral and central nervous system — 20 (43.48%) patients, were diagnosed most frequently. Immunodefi ciency states — 19 (41.30%) people, came next, and diseases of the cardiovascular system — 12 (26.08%) patients, appeared to be least frequent.

Conclusions. When recalculating comorbidity on the CCI and CIRS-G scales, a significant aggravation of comorbidity after treatment, an increase in moderate and severe comorbidity were noted. According to the effectiveness of the CCI and CIRS-G scales in the treated patients, comorbidity is evaluated only approximately, since the Charlson Comorbidity Index does not include polyneuropathy, immunodeficiency states, thrombosis, ischemic heart disease, cardiac arrhythmias, gastritis, and thromboembolic complications and immunodeficiency states are absent in the CIRS-G scale. It is advisable to develop scales for assessing comorbidity, free from disadvantages mentioned above.

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