Frequency and features of iron-deficient conditions in women of reproductive age

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency and features of iron-deficient conditions among women of reproductive age.

Material and methods. The study included 2401 female patients who applied to the Clinic SBEI HPE KSMU in 2019. The average age of the patients was 36.71 ± 6.32 years. The patients received therapeutic and gynecological treatment (including surgery). Adherence to treatment was determined by the Moriski Green questionnaire.

Results. The incidence of anemia in the cohort was 46.1%. All the examined patients had anemia def ned as iron deficiency. The f rst detected anemia was registered in 70.3% or 32.5% of the entire cohort of women of reproductive age; in 29.7% of the surveyed, this diagnosis was established earlier (χ² = 15.32; p = 0.001). Latent iron deficiency and mild anemia were most frequently detected (46.7% vs 34.5%, respectively), and severe anemia was registered signif cantly less frequently — in 0.5% of patients (χ² = 6.5; p = 0.05). The structure of gynecological diseases was represented by: uterine myoma — 34.9% of patients; endometrial pathology — 23.7%, ovarian disease — 16.8%, adenomyosis — 9.6%, cervical pathology — 7.4% and infertility — 7.6% of patients. By the end of the study, the number of adherents increased by 24.7% (41.9 vs 17.2%; χ² = 75.13; p = 0.002), insuffi ciently committed — by 12.8% (44.9 vs 32.1%; χ² = 15.325; p = 0.001), and the percentage of non-adherents decreased by 33.9% (50.6 vs 13.1%; χ² = 95.09; p = 0.001). In 100% of patients, the effect of therapy was obtained, but it diff ered in terms of subjective improvement and depended on concomitant gynecological pathology.

Conclusions. A high incidence of iron deficiency was found in women of reproductive age. The combination of individualized therapeutic treatment and specialized gynecological care increases adherence to treatment and makes it possible to achieve iron deficiency compensation in 100% of patients.

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