The role of the genetic factor in the development of sarcopenia

Objectives. To assess the associative relationship between genotype distributions of polymorphic variants of COL1A1, VDR, NOS3, IL6, RANKL, MTHFR, MTR, MTRR genes and risk of sarcopenia in women over 60 years of age.

Materials and methods. This cross-sectional study enrolled 67 women aged 61 to 82 years. Dynamometry and a “Chair rising test” test have been performed. Polymorphic variants of the COL1A1, VDR, NOS3, IL6, RANKL, MTHFR, MTR, MTRR genes have been identified. The participants were divided into 2 groups: group 1 consisted of 34 subjects without sarcopenia and group 2 included 33 persons with sarcopenia.

Results. In group 1, the GG G894T NOS3 genotype significantly prevailed, and in group 2, the GT and TT variants were most frequent, p = 0.035. In group 1, the recessive TT genotypes G894T NOS3, GG A66G MTRR prevailed. CC variant G(-174)IL6 prevailed in group 2, as did the TT C677T MTHFR genotype, which was not detected in group 2, p < 0.05.

Conclusions. Age is an independent risk factor for sarcopenia development. Presence of the TT G894T NOS3, GG A66G MTRR genotype is likely to increase the risk of sarcopenia. While the CC G174C IL6, TT C677T MTHFR genotype is probably protective against the development of sarcopenia. There was no association between the genotype distributions of polymorphic variants of the COL1A1, VDR, RANKL, MTR genes and the risk of sarcopenia in women over 60 years of age.

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