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Актуальные представления о геноме и его значение в формировании зависимости от психоактивных веществ

https://doi.org/10.30629/0023-2149-2025-103-4-272-278

Аннотация

Полтора столетия назад Чезаре Ламброзо, опираясь на антропологическое исследование  Homo delinquent  в криминологии, предвосхитил методологию фенотипирования. Бурное развитие постгеномных представлений способствовало определению генов, ответственных за аддиктивную уязвимость, в то же время определяющих предрасположенность к другим психическим расстройствам. Изучение общегеномных ассоциаций (GWAS) позволяет одновременно учесть генетические детерминанты прогноза особенностей фенотипа, включающих поведенческие криминальные проявления и какие-либо варианты зависимости от психоактивных веществ. Идентификация генетически детерминированного коморбидного девиантного поведения и «предзависимости» может способствовать формированию особого внимания к рискам, связанным с ранними стадиями поведенческих расстройств и употребления психоактивных веществ, а также построению государственной политики, пенитенциарной системы и ресурсов здравоохранения, которые будут поддерживать меры медицинской профилактики и раннего вмешательства.

Об авторах

С. Х. Сарманаев
ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины им. академика Ю.М. Лопухина ФМБА России»
Россия

  Сарманаев Салават Хамитович — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заместитель заведующего Токсикологическим центром

Москва



Г. Н. Суворов
ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий ФМБА России»
Россия

Суворов Георгий Николаевич — канд. юрид. наук, доцент кафедры общественного здоровья и здравоохранения Академии постдипломного образования ФГБУ ФНКЦ ФМБА 

Москва



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Рецензия

Для цитирования:


Сарманаев С.Х., Суворов Г.Н. Актуальные представления о геноме и его значение в формировании зависимости от психоактивных веществ. Клиническая медицина. 2025;103(4):272-278. https://doi.org/10.30629/0023-2149-2025-103-4-272-278

For citation:


Sarmanaev S.Kh., Suvorov G.N. Current insights into the genome, substance addiction and homo delinquent comorbidity. Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal). 2025;103(4):272-278. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30629/0023-2149-2025-103-4-272-278

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ISSN 2412-1339 (Online)