Use of chitosan of various origins in medicine

Chitosan is widely used in all areas of human activity. It is obtained from animals, insects, and plants containing chitin through chemical purification. Animal-derived raw materials are most in demand, while insect-derived sources are the most promising. Main Provisions. Chitosan is extensively used in medicine: in nutrition, surgery, hematology, dentistry, and oncology. It exhibits biocompatibility, bioresorbability, non-toxicity, hemostatic properties, plasticity, adhesive qualities, and has antibacterial properties. By altering the chemical formula of chitosan, its molecular weight and charge, and combining it with various substances, new application areas and more economical extraction methods can be found. Detoxifying, sorptive, and hypolipidemic properties are sought after in nutrition and gastroenterology. The effects of chitosan on various phases of regeneration, as well as its anticoagulant properties, are utilized in surgery. Chitosan’s osteoinductive efects are applied in dentistry and traumatology, while its hemostatic, antibacterial, antitumor, and radioprotective properties are key research directions in emergency surgery and oncology, respectively. Conclusion. The widespread application of chitosan in all areas of human activity, especially in medicine, makes it a sought-after and promising substance. To expand the production of various chitosan-based substances, it is essential to find new, cheaper methods for extracting chitosan from chitin, streamline the routes from raw materials to final products, and develop independent Russian equivalents of chitosan drug forms.

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