Патофизиологическая роль дисбиоза кишечника при сахарном диабете 2-го типа и антидиабетический потенциал пробиотиков, пребиотиков и трансплантации фекальной микробиоты

Сахарный диабет (СД) 2-го типа— мультифакториальное заболевание, в развитии которого ожирение играет ключевую роль. Полагают, что глобальный рост распространенности СД 2-го типа и ожирения, принявший в последнее время характер эпидемии, обусловлен урбанизацией, снижением физической активности и повышением доступности калорийной пищи. Недавно в патофизиологии СД 2-го типа обнаружен еще один «игрок» — кишечная микробиота (КМ). Многочисленными исследованиями показана связь КМ и СД 2-го типа. В обзоре рассматриваются механизмы, посредством которого КМ способствует развитию этого заболевания. Приведены результаты экспериментальных и клинических исследований по изучению эффективности использования пробиотиков, пребиотиков и трансплантации фекальной микробиоты в качества средства профилактики и терапии СД 2-го типа.

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