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Возрастные и гендерные аспекты поражения нервной системы при ВИЧ-инфекции и современные возможности терапии
https://doi.org/10.30629/0023-2149-2025-103-4-263-271
Аннотация
Инфекция, вызванная вирусом иммунодефицита человека (ВИЧ), стала важной проблемой практического здравоохранения во всем мире и требует мультидисциплинарного подхода уже на начальной стадии заболевания. Спектр вовлечения в патологический процесс систем и органов при ВИЧ-инфекции очень велик, особое внимание в клинической практике заслуживает поражение нервной системы. Лечение ВИЧ-инфекции претерпело изменения с момента создания комбинированной антиретровирусной терапии (АРТ) в 1990-х годах, предоставляя ВИЧ-инфицированным лицам подходы, которые обеспечивают подавление репликации вируса, предотвращение синдрома приобретенного иммунодефицита (СПИД) на протяжении всей их жизни с помощью непрерывной терапии и останавливают передачу ВИЧ. Однако, несмотря на успех этих схем лечения, глобальная эпидемия ВИЧ сохраняется, что побуждает к всестороннему изучению потенциальных стратегий лечения ВИЧ. В настоящее время широко внедрены современные антиретровирусные препараты, что привело к значительному увеличению продолжительности жизни ВИЧ-инфицированных лиц. В условиях снижения смертности, связанной с ВИЧ, особое значение приобретают ВИЧ-ассоциированные нейрокогнитивные расстройства (ВАНКР), которые могут развиваться даже на фоне эффективной терапии. Общая распространенность данной патологии среди пациентов с ВИЧ доходит до 42,6%, в то время как возможности ее лечения остаются предметом дискуссии. В статье представлен обзор современной литературы, посвященной поражению нервной системы при ВИЧ-инфекции и современной стратегии выбора противовирусной терапии.
Об авторах
Ф. А. Юсупов
Ошский государственный университет
Кыргызстан
Кыргызстан
Юсупов Фуркат Абдулахатович — д–р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой неврологии, нейрохрургии и психиатри и медицинского факультета
Ош
И. Т. Ыдырысов
Ошский государственный университет
Кыргызстан
Кыргызстан
Ыдырысов Исматилла Токтосунович — д–р мед. наук, профессор, декан медицинского факультета
Ош
А. А. Юлдашев
Ошский государственный университет
Кыргызстан
Кыргызстан
Юлдашев Акмал Акбарович — аспирант кафедры неврологии, нейрохирургии и психиатрии медицинского факультета
Ош
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Рецензия
Для цитирования:
Юсупов Ф.А., Ыдырысов И.Т., Юлдашев А.А. Возрастные и гендерные аспекты поражения нервной системы при ВИЧ-инфекции и современные возможности терапии. Клиническая медицина. 2025;103(4):263-271. https://doi.org/10.30629/0023-2149-2025-103-4-263-271
For citation:
Yusupov F.A., Ydyrysov I.T., Yuldashev A.A. Age, gender aspects of nervous system damage in hiv infection and modern treatment options. Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal). 2025;103(4):263-271. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.30629/0023-2149-2025-103-4-263-271
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