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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">clinmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0023-2149</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-1339</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Медицинское информационное агентство»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/0023-2149-2021-99-9-10-562-568</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">clinmed-304</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИСТОРИЯ МЕДИЦИНЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HISTORY OF MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сто лет медицинской токсикологии (1920–2020)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Centenary of medical toxicology (1920–2020)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сарманаев</surname><given-names>С. Х.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sarmanaev</surname><given-names>S. Kh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сарманаев Салават Хамитович — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заместитель руководителя Токсикологического центра</p><p>119435, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sarmanaev Salavat Khamitovich — MD, PhD, DSc, prof</p><p>119435, Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ssarm@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Симоненко</surname><given-names>В. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Simonenko</surname><given-names>V. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Симоненко Владимир Борисович —  член-корр. РАН, д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры терапии неотложных состояний», генерал-майор медицинской службы</p><p>107392, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Simonenko Vladimir Borisovich</p><p>107392, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр физико-химической медицины Федерального медико-биологического агентства»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» (филиал, г. Москва) Минобороны России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy named after Kirov S.M. (Moscow Branch) of the Ministry of Defense of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>99</volume><issue>9-10</issue><fpage>562</fpage><lpage>568</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сарманаев С.Х., Симоненко В.Б., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сарманаев С.Х., Симоненко В.Б.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sarmanaev S.K., Simonenko V.B.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/304">https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/304</self-uri><abstract><p>Многообразие химических соединений и их широкое применение в промышленности и в быту представляют риск для химической безопасности. Несмотря на опыт, накопленный за минувшее столетие с первого применения средств медицинской защиты, медицинская токсикология и система оказания специализированной медицинской помощи при химической травме требуют дальнейшего усовершенствования и развития. Сохраняющиеся риски промышленного производства, поражения аварийно химически опасными веществами, угроза применения отравляющих веществ в локальных военных конфликтах и химический терроризм обусловливают необходимость поддержания высокого уровня готовности к ликвидации медицинских последствий химической травмы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The variety of chemical compounds and their widespread use in industry and in everyday life pose a risk to chemical safety. Despite the experience gained over the past century since the fi rst use of medical protective equipment, medical toxicology and the system of providing specialized medical care for chemical trauma require further improvement and development. The continuing risks of industrial production, damage by chemical hazardous substances, the threat of the use of toxic substances in local military confl icts and chemical terrorism make it necessary to maintain an advanced readiness to eliminate the medical consequences of chemical trauma.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>химическая безопасность</kwd><kwd>отравление</kwd><kwd>токсикология</kwd><kwd>аварийно химически опасные вещества</kwd><kwd>отравляющие вещества</kwd><kwd>антидоты</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chemical safety</kwd><kwd>poisoning</kwd><kwd>toxicology</kwd><kwd>dangerous substances</kwd><kwd>chemical agents</kwd><kwd>antidotes</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Silvagni A.J. et al. Educating health professionals, fi rst responders, and the community about bioterrorism and weapons of mass destruction. J. 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