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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">clinmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0023-2149</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-1339</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Медицинское информационное агентство»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/0023-2149-2020-98-11-12-739-744</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">clinmed-155</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Новые группы гиполипидемических препаратов, основанные на ингибировании пропротеиновой конвертазы субтилизин-кексинового типа 9 (PCSK9). Часть 1</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>New groups of hypolipidemic medications based on inhibition of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). Part 1</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чаулин</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chaulin</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чаулин Алексей Михайлович — врач, Самарский областной клинический кардиологический диспансер им. В.П. Полякова, аспирант, ассистент кафедры, Самарский государственный медицинский университет</p><p>443070, Самара; 443099, Самара</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>443070, Samara; 443099, Samara</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lekseymichailovich22976@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Самарский областной клинический кардиологический диспансер им. В.П. Полякова»; &#13;
ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Samara Regional Cardiology Dispensary named after Polyakov V.P.; &#13;
Samara State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>17</day><month>04</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>11-12</issue><fpage>739</fpage><lpage>744</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Чаулин А.М., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Чаулин А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chaulin A.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/155">https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/155</self-uri><abstract><p>Гиполипидемическая терапия является одним из неотъемлемых компонентов ведения пациентов с сердечно-сосудистыми заболеваниями (ССЗ). В связи с этим основной задачей современных исследований является поиск новых мишеней для создания дополнительных эффективных групп гиполипидемических препаратов. В 2003 г. канадские и французские исследовательские группы под руководством N. Seidah и M. Abifadel открыли новый фермент — про-протеиновую конвертазу субтилизин-кексинового типа 9 (PCSK9). Как потом выяснилось, он играет важную роль в обмене липидов. Основной механизм действия PCSK9 заключается в регулировании плотности рецепторов липо-протеинов низкой плотности (рЛПНП) в клеточной мембране гепатоцитов. Повышенная активность PCSK9 значительно ускоряет деградацию рЛПНП и приводит к увеличению концентрации атерогенных классов липопротеинов — липопротеинов низкой плотности (ЛПНП). А пониженная активность PCSK9, напротив, сопровождается уменьшением концентрации ЛПНП и снижением риска развития атеросклероза и ССЗ. Второй недавно обнаруженный и менее изученный механизм проатерогенного действия PCSK9 заключается в усилении воспалительных процессов в атеросклеротической бляшке. Учитывая данный неблагоприятный вклад PCSK9 в развитие и прогрессирование атеросклероза и ССЗ, основной задачей исследователей стала разработка препаратов, ингибирующих этот фермент. К настоящему моменту времени было разработано несколько новых групп препаратов, нацеленных на этапы биосинтеза и функцию PCSK9. В этой статье мы подробно сосредоточимся на обсуждении механизмов действия и эффективности следующих групп гиполипидемических препаратов: анти-PCSK9 моноклональных антител (алирокумаб, эволокумаб), малых интерферирующих рибонуклеиновых кислот (инклисиран) и антисмысловых нуклеотидов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Hypolipidemic therapy is one of the essential components for the management of patients with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In this regard, the main task of modern research is to find new targets for creating additional effective groups of hypolipidemic medications. Canadian and French research groups led by N. Seidah and M. Abifadel discovered a new enzyme — proprotein convertase subtilisin-kexin type 9 (PCSK9) in 2003. It turned out to play an important role in lipid metabolism later. The main mechanism of action of PCSK9 is to regulate the density of low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLR) in the cell membrane of hepatocytes. Increased activity of PCSK9 accelerates the degradation of LDL significantly, and leads to an increase in the concentration of atherogenic classes of lipoproteins — low-density lipoproteins (LDL). In contrast, reduced PCSK9 activity is accompanied by a decrease in LDL concentrations and a reduced risk of developing atherosclerosis and CVD. The second of the recently discovered and less studied mechanism of PCSK9 protearogenic action is an increase in inflammatory processes in the atherosclerotic plaque. Considering this adverse contribution of PCSK9 to the development and progression of atherosclerosis and CVD, the main task of the researchers was to develop medications that inhibit THIS enzyme. Several new groups of medications that target the stages of biosynthesis and the function of PCSK9 have been developed by now. In this article, we will focus on details discussing the mechanisms of action and effectiveness of the following groups of hypolipidemic medications: anti-PCSK9 monoclonal antibodies (alirocumab, evolocumab), small interfering ribonucleic acids (incliciran), and antisense nucleotides.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сердечно-сосудистые заболевания</kwd><kwd>гиполипидемические препараты</kwd><kwd>пропротеиновая конвертаза субтилизинкексинового типа 9</kwd><kwd>ингибиторы пропротеиновой конвертазы субтилизин-кексинового типа 9</kwd><kwd>алирокумаб</kwd><kwd>эволокумаб</kwd><kwd>инклисиран</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>сardiovascular diseases</kwd><kwd>lipid-lowering medications</kwd><kwd>protein convertase subtilisin-kexin new type 9</kwd><kwd>propro-tein convertase inhibitors subtilisin-Kexin type 9</kwd><kwd>alirocumab</kwd><kwd>evolocumab</kwd><kwd>incliciran</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Чаулин А.М., Григорьева Ю.В., Суворова Г.Н., Дупляков Д.В. 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