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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">clinmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0023-2149</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-1339</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Медицинское информационное агентство»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/0023-2149-2020-98-9-10-699-708</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">clinmed-146</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Факторы риска формирования сосудистых и нейропатических осложнений у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа и аутоиммунным тиреоидитом</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Risk factors of the development of vascular and neuropathic complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and autoimmune thyroiditis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3229-3357</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мелешкевич</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Meleshkevich</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мелешкевич Татьяна Антоновна — канд. мед. наук, доцент</p><p>117198, Москва</p><p>105187, Москва</p><p>SPIN-код: 5839-5281</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tatiana A. Meleshkevich — MD, PhD, associate professor</p><p>117198, Moscow</p><p>105187, Moscow</p><p>SPIN-код: 5839-5281</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">samson2012@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5712-9679</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Курникова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kurnikova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117198, Москва</p><p>SPIN-код: 8579-9455</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117198, Moscow</p><p>SPIN-код: 8579-9455</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0831-6977</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Митичкин</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mitichkin</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105187, Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>105187, Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9911-2376</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лучина</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Luchina</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105187, Москва</p><p>SPIN-код : 3102-0107</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>105187, Moscow</p><p>SPIN-код : 3102-0107</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8164-4128</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>М. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>M. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117198, Москва</p><p>SPIN-код: 2036-8051</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117198, Moscow</p><p>SPIN-код: 2036-8051</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8283-5890</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Слонимская</surname><given-names>Г. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Slonimskaya</surname><given-names>G. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>117198, Москва</p><p>SPIN-код: 7498-6081</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>117198, Moscow</p><p>SPIN-код: 7498-6081</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4565-6743</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зернова</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zernova</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105187, Москва</p><p>SPIN-код: 6597-7790</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>105187, Moscow</p><p>SPIN-код: 6597-7790</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3296-2226</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мартынова</surname><given-names>Е. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Martynova</surname><given-names>E. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>105187, Москва</p><p>SPIN-код: 3369-8212</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>105187, Moscow</p><p>SPIN-код: 3369-8212</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4087-037X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирьянова</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kiryanova</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>129337, Москва</p><p>SPIN-код: 6904-6486</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>129337, Moscow</p><p>SPIN-код: 6904-6486</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов» Министерства образования и науки РФ (РУДН); ГБУЗ города Москвы «Городская клиническая больница им. Ф.И. Иноземцева Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University); Inozemtsev Municipal Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Российский университет дружбы народов» Министерства образования и науки РФ (РУДН)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peoples Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ города Москвы «Городская клиническая больница им. Ф.И. Иноземцева Департамента здравоохранения города Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Inozemtsev Municipal Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Национальный исследовательский Московский государственный строительный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>98</volume><issue>9-10</issue><fpage>699</fpage><lpage>708</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Мелешкевич Т.А., Курникова И.А., Митичкин А.Е., Лучина Е.И., Шевченко М.Е., Слонимская Г.А., Зернова Е.В., Мартынова Е.Н., Кирьянова Л.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Мелешкевич Т.А., Курникова И.А., Митичкин А.Е., Лучина Е.И., Шевченко М.Е., Слонимская Г.А., Зернова Е.В., Мартынова Е.Н., Кирьянова Л.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Meleshkevich T.A., Kurnikova I.A., Mitichkin A.E., Luchina E.I., Shevchenko M.E., Slonimskaya G.A., Zernova E.V., Martynova E.N., Kiryanova L.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/146">https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/146</self-uri><abstract><p>Интересными и приоритетными сегодня остаются вопросы формирования и прогрессирования поздних осложнений сахарного диабета, особенно в тех случаях, когда сахарный диабет (СД) 2-го типа сочетается с другими эндокринными заболеваниями. Патогенетическая связь механизмов, приводящих к поражению сосудов и нервов на фоне сахарного диабета, и механизмов, например, аутоиммунного поражения щитовидной железы (АИТ) представляется далеко неоднозначной, но сам факт ее существования отрицать невозможно.</p><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель: определить преобладающий тип коморбидности (транссиндромальная, транснозологическая или хронологическая) и уровень коморбидности по шкале рейтинга заболеваний (CIRS) у пациентов с СД 2-го типа и АИТ, изучить структуру поздних осложнений сахарного диабета у этой группы пациентов и оценить вклад отдельных факторов в увеличение риска развития осложнений.</p></sec><sec><title>Методы</title><p>Методы. Обследовано 428 пациентов, находившихся на стационарном лечении в специализированном эндокринологическом отделении, и сформированы две группы: группа наблюдения — 213 человек с диагностированным СД 2-го типа и АИТ и группа сравнения — 215 человек с диагнозом СД 2-го типа, сравнимые по возрасту, длительности СД, индексу массы тела, компенсации заболевания. Анализ включал клинико-лабораторные показатели, результаты исследования уровней гормонов (ТТГ, св.Т4, инсулин, С-пептид) и антител (АТ-ТПО), ультрасонографию щитовидной железы, вычисление индекса инсулинорезистентности (НОМА) и индекса уровня коморбидности (CIRS — cumulative illness rating scale) с последующим корреляционно-регрессионным анализом статистических данных. Состояние периферической нервной системы оценивалось у пациентов обеих групп с помощью электромиографии, и тяжесть диабетической нейропатии определялась по шкалам НДС (Neuropathy Disability Score) и ВАШ (визуальная аналоговая шкала). Состояние сосудистой системы изучали по данным ультразвукового исследования сосудов нижних конечностей и эхокардиографии, офтальмоскопии.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Полученные данные позволили определить факторы, влияющие на риск развития осложнений СД 2-го типа, и установить, что у пациентов с коморбидной эндокринной патологией раньше начинаются и быстрее прогрессируют нейропатические осложнения, однако в отношении сосудистых осложнений такой зависимости не обнаружено. По уравнению линейной регрессии зависимости суммарных осложнений от длительности заболевания выявлено, что развитие сосудистых осложнений у пациентов с сочетанной эндокринопатией происходит даже медленнее, чем у больных с диабетом. Вклад компенсации СД и выявленных факторов риска в прогрессировании диабетических осложнений имел меньшее значение для пациентов с эндокринопатиями. При оценке вклада отдельных параметров наиболее значимыми оказались длительность заболевания СД 2-го типа, альбуминурия, сформировавшийся атеросклероз сосудов нижних конечностей.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Помимо известных факторов риска развития и прогрессирования сосудистых осложнений, у пациентов с сочетанной эндокринопатией имели значение сохранность остаточной секреции инсулина и функция почек (хроническая болезнь почек, протеинурия). Распространенность «суммарных» осложнений в группе пациентов с сочетанной эндокринной патологией была ниже, однако нейропатические осложнения у этой же группы наблюдались чаще, что свидетельствует о первичности влиянии нарушений функции щитовидной железы на структуру нервной ткани.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Issues of the formation and progression of late complications of diabetes mellitus remain interesting and foreground today, especially in cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus (dm) combined with other endocrine diseases. The pathogenetic relation between the mechanisms leading to blood vessels and nerves damage against the background of diabetes mellitus, and, for example, mechanisms of autoimmune thyroid abnormality (ait), is far from being unambiguous, but the very fact of its existence cannot be denied.</p><sec><title>Purpose</title><p>Purpose: to determine the predominant type of comorbidity (trans-syndromal, trans-nosological or chronological) and the level of comorbidity according to the disease rating scale (cirs) in patients with type 2 diabetes and ait, to study the structure of later complications of diabetes mellitus in this group of patients and to assess the contribution of certain factors to increased risk of complications.</p></sec><sec><title>Methods</title><p>Methods. 428 patients were examined in a specialized endocrinology department, and two groups were formed: an observation group — 213 people with diagnosed type 2 diabetes and ait, and a comparison group — 215 people with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. These groups were comparable in age, the duration of diabetes, body mass index, correction of the disease. The analysis included clinical and laboratory parameters, the results of hormones level studies (tsh, free t4, insulin, c-peptide) and antibodies (at-tpo), thyroid ultrasonography, calculation of the insulin resistance index (homa) and the comorbidity index (cirs — cumulative illness rating scale) followed by a correlation-regression analysis of statistical data. The state of the peripheral nervous system was evaluated with the use of electromyography in patients of both groups, and the severity of diabetic neuropathy was evaluated with the use of the neuropathy disability score and vas (visual analogue scale) scales. The state of the vascular system was studied according to the data of ultrasound examination of the vessels of the lower extremities, echocardiography, and ophthalmoscopy.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. The obtained data made it possible to determine the factors infl uencing the risk of type 2 diabetes complications developement, and to establish that neuropathic complications begin and progress faster in patients with comorbid endocrine pathology, however, there is no such dependence for vascular complications. According to the linear regression equation of the dependence of total complications on the duration of the disease, it was revealed that the development of vascular complications in patients with combined endocrinopathy occurs even more slowly than in patients with diabetes. The contribution of diabetes compensation and identifi ed risk factors to the progression of diabetic complications was less important for patients with endocrinopathies. As for evaluating the contribution of individual parameters, the most signifi cant were the duration of diabetes mellitus, albuminuria, atherosclerosis of the vessels of the lower extremities.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. In addition to the known risk factors for the development and progression of vascular complications, in patients with overlapping endocrinopathy, the preservation of residual insulin secretion and renal function (chronic kidney disease, proteinuria) were important. the prevalence of “total” Complications in the group of patients with combined endocrine pathology was lower, however, neuropathic complications in the same group were observed more often,т which indicates the primary eff ect of thyroid dysfunction on the structure of the nervous tissue.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сахарный диабет</kwd><kwd>аутоиммунный тиреоидит</kwd><kwd>диабетическая ретинопатия</kwd><kwd>диабетическая нефропатия</kwd><kwd>диабетическая нейропатия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>type 2 diabetes mellitus</kwd><kwd>autoimmune thyroiditis</kwd><kwd>diabetic retinopathy</kwd><kwd>diabetic nephropathy</kwd><kwd>diabetic neu- ropathy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Оганов Р.Г., Денисов И.Н., Симаненков В.И., Бакулин И.Г., Бакулина Н.В., Болдуева С.А. и др. 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DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12054</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
