clinmedКлиническая медицинаClinical Medicine (Russian Journal)0023-21492412-1339ООО «Медицинское информационное агентство»10.30629/0023-2149-2026-104-3-184-194clinmed-1421Research ArticleОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИREVIEWS AND LECTURESТактика ведения тромбоза поверхностных венTactics of management of superficial vein thrombosishttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8255-4159СугралиевА. Б.SugraliyevA. B.

Сугралиев Ахметжан Бегалиевич — канд. мед. наук, ассоциированный профессор, заведующий кафедрой внутренних болезней

Алматы

Akhmetzhan B. Sugrаliyev — Candidate of Medical Sciences; Associate Professor; Head of Internal Diseases department

Almaty

Asugraliyev@gmail.comКазахский Национальный медицинский университет им. С.Д. АсфендияроваКазахстанAsfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical UniversityKazakhstan2026170520261043184194Copyright © Сугралиев А.Б., 20262026Сугралиев А.Б.Sugraliyev A.B.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/1421

Тромбоз поверхностных вен (ТПВ) является распространенным клиническим состоянием, при котором имеется высокий риск прогрессирования протяженности тромба с распространением в другие венозные отделы, включая систему глубоких вен с последующим развитием тромбоэмболии легочных артерий, нередко рецидивирующего характера. Использование нестероидных противовоспалительных препаратов в сочетании с локальной терапией с помощью согревающих средств не предотвращает дальнейшее распространение тромба, не защищает от рецидива или развития венозной тромбоэмболии (ВТЭ) у пациентов с пролонгированным ТПВ с длиной тромба более 5 см. Антикоагулянтная терапия является средством выбора для лечения, профилактики дальнейшего прогрессирования и рецидива ТПВ, а также предотвращения ВТЭ. В этом обзоре обобщены данные крупных проспективных рандомизированных клинических испытаний по эпидемиологии, факторам риска, диагностике и лечению ТПВ. Цель обзора — предоставить основанную на фактических данных современную информацию по эпидемиологии, факторам риска, диагностике и лечению пациентов с тромбозом поверхностных вен. Был проведен комплексный поиск литературы для выявления всех рандомизированных контролируемых исследований (РКИ), которые были посвящены эпидемиологии и лечению ТПВ. Публикации РКИ были выявлены с использованием базы данных MEDLINE англоязычной медицинской литературы с 2002 г. по февраль 2025 г. Ключевыми поисковыми терминами, которые использовались, были: поверхностный тромбоз вен, лечение поверхностного тромбоза вен, медикаментозное и хирургическое лечение ТПВ. Поиск проводился с использованием как отдельных слов, так и их комбинаций.

Superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) is a common clinical condition that carries with it significant risk of propagation of thrombus, recurrence, and, most concerning, subsequent venous thromboembolism (VTE). Conservative therapy with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medication and heat does not prevent extension of thrombus or protect against recurrent or future VTE in patients with extensive SVT thrombotic segment of at least 5 cm in length. To prevent future thromboembolic events, anticoagulation has become the treatment of choice for extensive SVT. The aim of the review was to provide evidence-based, up-to-date information on the epidemiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with SVT. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that addressed the epidemiology and treatment of SVT. RCT publications were identified using the MEDLINE database of English-language medical literature from 2002 to February 2025. The key search terms used were superficial vein thrombosis, treatment of superficial vein thrombosis, medical and surgical treatment of SVT. The search was performed using both single and combinations of terms.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.