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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">clinmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0023-2149</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-1339</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Медицинское информационное агентство»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/0023-2149-2025-103-12-893-897</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">clinmed-1336</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Метилирование генов SHOX2, DAPK1, RAR-beta, miR-375 при гидротораксе у пациентов с бактериальной пневмонией</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Methylation of SHOX2, DAPK1, RAR-beta, miR-375 genes in hydrothorax in patients with bacterial pneumonia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3134-5622</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Покровский</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pokrovsky</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Василий Евгеньевич Покровский — аспирант, кафедра внутренних болезней</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vasily E. Pokrovsky — postgraduate student, Department of Internal Medicine</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vasiliy.pokrovsky@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2254-3271</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федосеев</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedoseev</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Анатолий Николаевич Федосеев — д-р мед. наук, профессор, кафедра внутренних болезней</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anatoly N. Fedoseev — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Department of Internal Medicine</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смирнов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smirnov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владимир Вячеславович Смирнов — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой</p><p>Москва </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir V. Smirnov — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Internal Medicine</p><p>Moscow </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Федеральный научно-клинический центр специализированных видов медицинской помощи и медицинских технологий Федерального медико-биологического агентства России»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Scientific and Clinical Center of Specialized Types of Health Care and Medical Technology of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>103</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>893</fpage><lpage>897</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Покровский В.Е., Федосеев А.Н., Смирнов В.В., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Покровский В.Е., Федосеев А.Н., Смирнов В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Pokrovsky V.E., Fedoseev A.N., Smirnov V.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/1336">https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/1336</self-uri><abstract><p>Обследовано 30 больных с гидротораксом на фоне бактериальной пневмонии, которые были распределены на 2 группы в зависимости от количества выпота. Группа 1 (n = 13) — с частичным выпотом, средний возраст 58,5 ± 4,9 года, из них женщин 5 (38,4%), мужчин — 8 (61,5%). Группа 2 (n = 17) с тотальным выпотом, возраст 60,1 ± 5,3 года, из них женщин — 7 (41,1%), мужчин — 10 (58,8%). Методы исследования — клинические, биохимические, инструментальные. Генетические анализы исследовали метилирование генов SHOX2, DAPK1, RAR-beta, miR-375. Обнаружено, что при гидротораксе у пациентов с бактериальной пневмонией развиваются существенные изменения в системе гомеостаза — эндогенная интоксикация и снижение реактивных процессов. Эти расстройства были сопряжены с видом плевральных выпотов и степенью тяжести пациентов. У больных с тотальным выпотом частота тяжелых форм составила 64,7% и изменения системы гомеостаза были выражены в наибольшей степени. В группе с частичным выпотом у большинства пациентов состояние средней степени тяжести, изменения системы гомеостаза были менее значимы. Генетический тест показал отсутствие метилирования генов SHOX2, DAPK1, RAR-beta, miR-375 у пациентов с гидротораксом и бактериальной пневмонией. Кривые амплификации не имели патологических отклонений. ПЦР-сигналы в исследуемых группах и в группе пациентов без патологии (далее группа нормы) были одинаковыми. Результаты исследования обращают внимание на необходимость дальнейшего изучения патогенетических механизмов при гидротораксе у пациентов с бактериальной пневмонией для оптимизации методов диагностики и лечения.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>30 patients with hydrothorax on the background of bacterial pneumonia were examined, who were divided into 2 groups depending on the amount of effusion. Group 1 (n = 13) had partial effusion, the average age was 58.5 ± 4.9 years, there were 5 (38.4%) women and 8 (61.5%) men. Group 2 (n = 17) with total effusion, age 60.1 ± 5.3 years, there were 7 (41.1%) women and 10 (58.8%) men. The research methods included clinical, biochemical, and instrumental methods. Genetic analyses investigated the methylation of the SHOX2, DAPK1, RAR-beta, and miR-375 genes. It was found that with hydrothorax, patients with bacterial pneumonia develop significant changes in the homeostasis system — endogenous intoxication and a decrease in reactive processes. These disorders were associated with the type of pleural effusions and the severity of the patients. In patients with total effusion, where the incidence of severe forms was 64.7%, changes in the homeostasis system were greatest. In the group with partial effusion, the majority of patients were of moderate severity, and the changes in the homeostasis system were the least. A genetic test showed the absence of methylation of the SHOX2, DAPK1, RAR-beta, and miR-375 genes in patients with hydrothorax and bacterial pneumonia. The amplification curves had no pathological abnormalities. The PCR signals in the studied groups and the norm were the same. The results of the study draw attention to the need to further study the pathogenetic mechanisms of hydrothorax in patients with bacterial pneumonia in order to optimize diagnostic and treatment methods.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>метилирование</kwd><kwd>SHOX2</kwd><kwd>DAPK1</kwd><kwd>RAR-beta</kwd><kwd>miR-375</kwd><kwd>гидроторакс</kwd><kwd>бактериальная пневмония</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>methylation</kwd><kwd>SHOX2</kwd><kwd>DAPK1</kwd><kwd>RAR-beta</kwd><kwd>miR-375</kwd><kwd>hydrothorax</kwd><kwd>bacterial pneumonia</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Царева А.Ю. Эпидемиологическая характеристика внебольничной пневмонии на современном этапе: обзор литературы. 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