<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">clinmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0023-2149</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-1339</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Медицинское информационное агентство»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/0023-2149-2025-103-12-877-884</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">clinmed-1334</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ И ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS AND LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фенотип хронического системного низкоинтенсивного воспаления: клиническое значение, причинные факторы и подходы к терапии</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Chronic low-grade inflammatory phenotype: clinical significance, causal factors and approaches to therapy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4973-039X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Айтбаев</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Aitbaev</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Айтбаев Кубаныч Авенович — д-р мед. наук, профессор</p><p>Бишкек</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Kubanych A. Aitbaev — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor </p><p>Bishkek </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8513-9279</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муркамилов</surname><given-names>И. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murkamilov</surname><given-names>I. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Муркамилов Илхом Торобекович — д-р мед. наук, член-корр. РАЕ; директор по клинической работе и стратегическому развитию многопрофильного медицинского центра «Doc university clinic»</p><p>Бишкек</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ilkhom T. Murkamilov — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Corresponding Member of the RAE; Director of Clinical Work and Strategic Development of the multidisciplinary medical center “Doc university clinic”</p><p>Bishkek </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">murkamilov.i@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2682-4417</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Фомин</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fomin</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Фомин Виктор Викторович — д-р мед. наук, профессор, членкорр. РАН; Институт клинической медицины им. Н.В. Склифосовского, заведующий кафедрой факультетской терапии №1, проректор по инновационной и клинической деятельности</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktor V. Fomin — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences,  N.V. Sklifosovsky Institute of Clinical Medicine, Head of the Department of Faculty Therapy No. 1, Vice-Rector for Innovation and Clinical Activities</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0006-0660-0113</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдурахманов</surname><given-names>И. У.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdurakhmanov</surname><given-names>I. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абдурахманов Иcломбек Улугбекович — врач-терапевт </p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Islombek U. Abdurakhmanov — Internist </p><p>Saint-Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8502-2203</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсупова</surname><given-names>Т. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yusupova</surname><given-names>T. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юсупова Турсуной Фуркатовна — клинический ординатор </p><p>Ош</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tursunoy F. Yusupova — clinical resident </p><p>Osh</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0632-6653</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Юсупов</surname><given-names>Ф. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yusupov</surname><given-names>F. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Юсупов Фуркат Абдулахатович — д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой неврологии, нейрохирургии и психиатрии медицинского факультета</p><p>Ош</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Furkat A. Yusupov — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Head of the Department of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry of the Faculty of Medicine</p><p>Osh</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0078-0609</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Солижонов</surname><given-names>Ж. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solizhonov</surname><given-names>Zh. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Солижонов Жалолиддин Исокжонович — студент </p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhaloliddin I. Solizhonov — student</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5966-1450</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боймуродов</surname><given-names>Й. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boimurodov</surname><given-names>Y. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Боймуродов Йодгор Рустамович — студент </p><p>Казань</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yodgor R. Boimurodov — student</p><p>Kazan</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8847-5937</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дуйшеева</surname><given-names>Г. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Duisheeva</surname><given-names>G. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Дуйшеева Гулзат Кубанычбековна — ассистент </p><p>Бишкек</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gulzat K. Duisheeva — assistant </p><p>Bishkek</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-0437-0188</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хакимов</surname><given-names>Ш. Ш.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khakimov</surname><given-names>Sh. Sh.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хакимов Шавкат Шукурбекович — заведующий отделом реанимации, терапии и диагностики, Многопрофильный медицинский центр «Doc university clinic»</p><p>Бишкек</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shavkat Sh. Khakimov — Multidisciplinary Medical Center “Doc university clinic”, Head of the Department of Intensive Care, Therapy and Diagnostics</p><p>Bishkek</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0000-4975-1196</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ыманкулов</surname><given-names>Д. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ymankulov</surname><given-names>D. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ыманкулов Данияр Султанбекович — врач-исследователь. Многопрофильный медицинский центр «Doc university clinic»</p><p>Бишкек</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Daniyar S. Ymankulov — medical researcher, Multidisciplinary medical Center “Doc university clinic”</p><p>Bishkek</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5508-8019</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хабибуллаев</surname><given-names>К. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khabibullaev</surname><given-names>K. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хабибуллаев Комил Камолович — студент </p><p>Бишкек</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Komil K. Khabibullaev — student </p><p>Bishkek</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Абдибалиев</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Abdibaliev</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Абдибалиев Ибадилла Абдыкалыкович — врач-исследователь </p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ibadilla A. Abdibaliev — rеsearch physician, Director </p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-9"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Учреждение «Кыргызская государственная медицинская академия им. И.К. Ахунбаева»</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Учреждение «Кыргызская государственная медицинская академия им. И.К. Ахунбаева» ; Учреждение «Салымбеков Университет»</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named after I.K. Akhunbaev ; Institution “Salymbekov University”</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский Университет)</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russia (Sechenov University)</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saint-Petersburg State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ошский государственный университет</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Osh State University</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБОУ ВО «Казанский государственный медицинский университет»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Kazan State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Учреждение «Салымбеков Университет»</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institution “Salymbekov University”</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Учреждение «Кыргызская государственная медицинская академия им. И.К. Ахунбаева»</institution><country>Кыргызстан</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institution “Salymbekov University”</institution><country>Kyrgyzstan</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-9"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «Московский клинический научно-практический центр имени А.С. Логинова ДЗМ г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>The Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Center Moscow Health Department</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>103</volume><issue>12</issue><fpage>877</fpage><lpage>884</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Айтбаев К.А., Муркамилов И.Т., Фомин В.В., Абдурахманов И.У., Юсупова Т.Ф., Юсупов Ф.А., Солижонов Ж.И., Боймуродов Й.Р., Дуйшеева Г.К., Хакимов Ш.Ш., Ыманкулов Д.С., Хабибуллаев К.К., Абдибалиев И.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Айтбаев К.А., Муркамилов И.Т., Фомин В.В., Абдурахманов И.У., Юсупова Т.Ф., Юсупов Ф.А., Солижонов Ж.И., Боймуродов Й.Р., Дуйшеева Г.К., Хакимов Ш.Ш., Ыманкулов Д.С., Хабибуллаев К.К., Абдибалиев И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Aitbaev K.A., Murkamilov I.T., Fomin V.V., Abdurakhmanov I.U., Yusupova T.F., Yusupov F.A., Solizhonov Z.I., Boimurodov Y.R., Duisheeva G.K., Khakimov S.S., Ymankulov D.S., Khabibullaev K.K., Abdibaliev I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/1334">https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/1334</self-uri><abstract><p>Фенотип хронического системного вялотекущего воспаления (ФСВ) — это состояние, на которое четко указывает двух-четырехкратное повышение уровней таких медиаторов воспаления в сыворотке крови, как интерлейкин-6 и С-реактивный белок. В развитие ФСВ вовлечены также многие другие клеточные и молекулярные медиаторы воспаления. ФСВ обычно возникает у пожилых лиц, поэтому известно также как «воспаление при старении» и является неотъемлемой частью старения иммунной системы. Причиной ФСВ могут быть стойкие вирусные инфекции, такие как хроническая цитомегаловирусная инфекция, клеточное старение и неспособность в связи с этим устранять деградированные материалы и продукты жизнедеятельности, дисбиоз и нарушение проницаемости кишечника, ожирение и другие факторы. Значительное число доказательств подтверждает, что ФСВ является важным фактором, способствующим развитию хрупкости и многих других неблагоприятных для здоровья хронических состояний, связанных со старением. Многие медиаторы воспаления и их регуляторные механизмы при ФСВ могут служить потенциальными мишенями для терапевтического вмешательства. Однако при разработке новых интервенционных стратегий лечения ФСВ и связанных с ним хронических состояний следует принимать во внимание сложность воспалительной сети. Нефармакологические вмешательства, такие как ограничение калорийности пищевого рациона и физические упражнения, оказывают благотворное влияние на ФСВ и его причины, что, в свою очередь, может принести существенную пользу для здоровья. Метформин и ресвератрол обладают противовоспалительными свойствами и могут служить в качестве многообещающих терапевтических средств для лечения хронического низкоинтенсивного системного воспаления и хрупкости.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>CLIP is a chronic, systemic and smoldering inflammatory condition clearly indicated by a 2–4-fold increase in serum levels of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein. Many other cellular and molecular mediators of inflammation are also involved in the development of CLIP. CLIP typically occurs in older people, hence also known as aging inflammation, and is an integral part of the aging spectrum of the immune system. Causal factors may include: persistent viral infections such as chronic cytomegalovirus infection; cellular aging and the inability, in this regard, to eliminate degraded materials and waste products; dysbiosis and impaired intestinal permeability, obesity and others. A significant body of evidence suggests that CLIP is a powerful contributor to senility and many other adverse health chronic conditions associated with aging. Many inflammatory mediators and their regulatory mechanisms in CLIP can serve as potential targets for therapeutic intervention. However, the complexity of the inflammatory network should be taken into account when developing new interventional strategies for the treatment of CLIP and associated chronic conditions. Non-pharmacological interventions such as caloric restriction and exercise have beneficial effects on CLIP and its causative factors, which in turn can provide significant health benefits. Metformin and resveratrol have anti-inflammatory properties and, in this regard, may serve as promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of chronic low-grade inflammation and frailty.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>ФСВ</kwd><kwd>воспаление при старении</kwd><kwd>хрупкость</kwd><kwd>иммунное старческое ремоделирование</kwd><kwd>цитомегаловирус</kwd><kwd>старение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>CLIP</kwd><kwd>inflammaging</kwd><kwd>frailty</kwd><kwd>immune senescent remodeling</kwd><kwd>cytomegalovirus</kwd><kwd>aging</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Баздырев Е.Д., Поликутина О.М., Каличенко Н.А., Слепынина Ю.С., Учасова Е.Г., Барбараш О.Л. Показатели системного воспаления у пациентов с ишемической болезнью сердца и патологией респираторной системы. Сибирский журнал клинической и экспериментальной медицины. 2017;32(3):43–49. DOI: 10.29001/2073-8552-2017-32-3-43-49</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bazdyrev E.D., Polikutina O.M., Kalichenko N.A., Slepynina Yu.S., Uchasova E.G., Barbarash O.L. Indicators of systemic inflammation in patients with coronary artery disease and respiratory pathology. The Siberian Journal of Clinical and Experimental Medicine. 2017;32(3):43–49. (In Russian). DOI: 10.29001/2073-8552-2017-32-3-43-49</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mihai S., Codrici E., Popescu I.D., Enciu A.M., Albulescu L., Necula L.G., Mambet C., Anton G., Tanase C. Inflammation-Related Mechanisms in Chronic Kidney Disease Prediction, Progression, and Outcome. J. Immunol. Res. 2018;2018:2180373. DOI: 10.1155/2018/2180373.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mihai S., Codrici E., Popescu I.D., Enciu A.M., Albulescu L., Necula L.G., Mambet C., Anton G., Tanase C. Inflammation-Related Mechanisms in Chronic Kidney Disease Prediction, Progression, and Outcome. J. Immunol. Res. 2018;2018:2180373. DOI: 10.1155/2018/2180373.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arnold N., Lechner K., Waldeyer C., Shapiro M.D., Koenig W. Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease: The Future. Eur. Cardiol. 2021;16:e20. DOI: 10.15420/ecr.2020.50</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arnold N., Lechner K., Waldeyer C., Shapiro M.D., Koenig W. Inflammation and Cardiovascular Disease: The Future. Eur. Cardiol. 2021;16:e20. DOI: 10.15420/ecr.2020.50</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ширинский В.С., Ширинский И.В. Полиморбидность, старение иммунной системы и системное вялотекущее воспаление – вызов современной медицине. Медицинская иммунология.2020;22(4):609–624. DOI: 10.15789/1563-0625-PAO-2042</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shirinsky V.S., Shirinsky I.V. Polymorbidity, ageing of immune system and low-grade systemic inflammation: a challenge for modern medicine.Medical Immunology. 2020;22(4):609–624. (In Russian). DOI: 10.15789/1563-0625-PAO-2042</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Krabbe K.S., Pedersen M., Bruunsgaard H. Inflammatory mediators in the elderly. Exp. Gerontol. 2004;39(5):687–99. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2004.01.009.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Krabbe K.S., Pedersen M., Bruunsgaard H. Inflammatory mediators in the elderly. Exp. Gerontol. 2004;39(5):687–99. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2004.01.009.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Franceschi C., Bonafè M., Valensin S., Olivieri F., De Luca M., Ottaviani E., De Benedictis G. Inflamm-aging. An evolutionary perspective on immunosenescence. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2000;908:244–54. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06651.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Franceschi C., Bonafè M., Valensin S., Olivieri F., De Luca M., Ottaviani E., De Benedictis G. Inflamm-aging. An evolutionary perspective on immunosenescence. Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 2000;908:244–54. DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06651.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">McDade T.W. Early environments and the ecology of inflammation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2012;109(2):17281–8. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1202244109</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">McDade T.W. Early environments and the ecology of inflammation. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2012;109(2):17281–8. DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1202244109</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гасанов М.З. Молекулярные аспекты патогенеза саркопении при хронической болезни почек: интегративная роль mTOR. Нефрология. 2018;22(5):9–16. DOI: 10.24884/1561-6274-2018-22-5-9-16</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gasanov M.Z. Molecular aspects of sarcopenia pathogenesis in chronic kidney disease: integrated role of mTOR. Nephrology (Saint-Petersburg). 2018;22(5):9–16. (In Russian). DOI: 10.24884/1561-6274-2018-22-5-9-16</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ferrucci L., Fabbri E. Inflammageing: chronic inflammation in ageing, cardiovascular disease, and frailty. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 2018;15(9):505–522. DOI: 10.1038/s41569-018-0064-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ferrucci L., Fabbri E. Inflammageing: chronic inflammation in ageing, cardiovascular disease, and frailty. Nat. Rev. Cardiol. 2018;15(9):505–522. DOI: 10.1038/s41569-018-0064-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leng S.X., Xue Q.L., Tian J., Huang Y., Yeh S.H., Fried L.P. Associations of neutrophil and monocyte counts with frailty in community-dwelling disabled older women: results from the Women’s Health and Aging Studies I. Exp. Gerontol. 2009;44(8):511–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2009.05.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leng S.X., Xue Q.L., Tian J., Huang Y., Yeh S.H., Fried L.P. Associations of neutrophil and monocyte counts with frailty in community-dwelling disabled older women: results from the Women’s Health and Aging Studies I. Exp. Gerontol. 2009;44(8):511–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2009.05.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Semba R.D., Margolick J.B., Leng S., Walston J., Ricks M.O., Fried L.P. T cell subsets and mortality in older community-dwelling women. Exp. Gerontol. 2005;40(1–2):81–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2004.09.006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Semba R.D., Margolick J.B., Leng S., Walston J., Ricks M.O., Fried L.P. T cell subsets and mortality in older community-dwelling women. Exp. Gerontol. 2005;40(1–2):81–7. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2004.09.006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fried L.P., Xue Q.L., Cappola A.R., Ferrucci L., Chaves P., Varadhan R., Guralnik J.M., Leng S.X., Semba R.D., Walston J.D., Blaum C.S., Bandeen-Roche K. Nonlinear multisystem physiological dysregulation associated with frailty in older women: implications for etiology and treatment. J. Gerontol. A Bio.l Sci. Med. Sci. 2009;64(10):1049–57. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glp076</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Fried L.P., Xue Q.L., Cappola A.R., Ferrucci L., Chaves P., Varadhan R., Guralnik J.M., Leng S.X., Semba R.D., Walston J.D., Blaum C.S., Bandeen-Roche K. Nonlinear multisystem physiological dysregulation associated with frailty in older women: implications for etiology and treatment. J. Gerontol. A Bio.l Sci. Med. Sci. 2009;64(10):1049–57. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glp076</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guarner V., Rubio-Ruiz M.E. Low-grade systemic inflammation connects aging, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Interdiscip. Top. Gerontol. 2015;40:99–106. DOI: 10.1159/000364934</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guarner V., Rubio-Ruiz M.E. Low-grade systemic inflammation connects aging, metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease. Interdiscip. Top. Gerontol. 2015;40:99–106. DOI: 10.1159/000364934</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Naeger D.M., Martin J.N., Sinclair E., Hunt P.W., Bangsberg D.R., Hecht F., Hsue P., McCune J.M., Deeks S.G. Cytomegalovirus-specific T cells persist at very high levels during long-term antiretroviral treatment of HIV disease. PLoS One. 2010;5(1):e8886. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008886</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Naeger D.M., Martin J.N., Sinclair E., Hunt P.W., Bangsberg D.R., Hecht F., Hsue P., McCune J.M., Deeks S.G. Cytomegalovirus-specific T cells persist at very high levels during long-term antiretroviral treatment of HIV disease. PLoS One. 2010;5(1):e8886. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0008886</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Margolick J.B., Bream J.H., Nilles T.L., Li H., Langan S.J., Deng S., Wang R., Wada N., Leng S.X. Relationship Between T-Cell Responses to CMV, Markers of Inflammation, and Frailty in HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected Men in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. J. Infect. Dis. 2018;218(2):249–258. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Margolick J.B., Bream J.H., Nilles T.L., Li H., Langan S.J., Deng S., Wang R., Wada N., Leng S.X. Relationship Between T-Cell Responses to CMV, Markers of Inflammation, and Frailty in HIV-uninfected and HIV-infected Men in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. J. Infect. Dis. 2018;218(2):249–258. DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schmaltz H.N., Fried L.P., Xue Q.L., Walston J., Leng S.X., Semba R.D. Chronic cytomegalovirus infection and inflammation are associated with prevalent frailty in community-dwelling older women. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2005;53(5):747–54. DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53250.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schmaltz H.N., Fried L.P., Xue Q.L., Walston J., Leng S.X., Semba R.D. Chronic cytomegalovirus infection and inflammation are associated with prevalent frailty in community-dwelling older women. J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. 2005;53(5):747–54. DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.53250.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sansoni P., Vescovini R., Fagnoni F.F., Akbar A., Arens R., Chiu Y.L., и соавт. New advances in CMV and immunosenescence. Exp. Gerontol. 2014;55:54–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.03.020</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sansoni P., Vescovini R., Fagnoni F.F., Akbar A., Arens R., Chiu Y.L., и соавт. New advances in CMV and immunosenescence. Exp. Gerontol. 2014;55:54–62. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.03.020</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leng S.X., Li H., Xue Q.L., Tian J., Yang X., Ferrucci L., Fedarko N., Fried L.P., Semba R.D. Association of detectable cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA in monocytes rather than positive CMV IgG serology with elevated neopterin levels in community-dwelling older adults. Exp. Gerontol. 2011;46(8):679–84. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2011.04.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leng S.X., Li H., Xue Q.L., Tian J., Yang X., Ferrucci L., Fedarko N., Fried L.P., Semba R.D. Association of detectable cytomegalovirus (CMV) DNA in monocytes rather than positive CMV IgG serology with elevated neopterin levels in community-dwelling older adults. Exp. Gerontol. 2011;46(8):679–84. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2011.04.002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li H., Weng P., Najarro K., Xue Q.L., Semba R.D., Margolick J.B., Leng S.X. Chronic CMV infection in older women: longitudinal comparisons of CMV DNA in peripheral monocytes, anti-CMV IgG titers, serum IL-6 levels, and CMV pp65 (NLV)-specific CD8(+) T-cell frequencies with twelve year follow-up. Exp. Gerontol. 2014;54:84–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.01.010</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li H., Weng P., Najarro K., Xue Q.L., Semba R.D., Margolick J.B., Leng S.X. Chronic CMV infection in older women: longitudinal comparisons of CMV DNA in peripheral monocytes, anti-CMV IgG titers, serum IL-6 levels, and CMV pp65 (NLV)-specific CD8(+) T-cell frequencies with twelve year follow-up. Exp. Gerontol. 2014;54:84–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2014.01.010</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Borodkina A.V., Deryabin P.I., Giukova A.A., Nikolsky N.N. “Social Life” of Senescent Cells: What Is SASP and Why Study It? Acta Naturae. 2018;10(1):4–14.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Borodkina A.V., Deryabin P.I., Giukova A.A., Nikolsky N.N. “Social Life” of Senescent Cells: What Is SASP and Why Study It? Acta Naturae. 2018;10(1):4–14.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Medina C.B., Ravichandran K.S. Do not let death do us part: ‘findme’ signals in communication between dying cells and the phagocytes. Cell. Death. Differ. 2016;23:979–989.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Medina C.B., Ravichandran K.S. Do not let death do us part: ‘findme’ signals in communication between dying cells and the phagocytes. Cell. Death. Differ. 2016;23:979–989.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Thevaranjan N., Puchta A., Schulz C., Naidoo A., Szamosi J.C., Verschoor C.P., и соавт. Age-Associated Microbial Dysbiosis Promotes Intestinal Permeability, Systemic Inflammation, and Macrophage Dysfunction. Cell. Host. Microbe. 2017;21(4):455–466.e4. DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2017.03.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Thevaranjan N., Puchta A., Schulz C., Naidoo A., Szamosi J.C., Verschoor C.P., и соавт. Age-Associated Microbial Dysbiosis Promotes Intestinal Permeability, Systemic Inflammation, and Macrophage Dysfunction. Cell. Host. Microbe. 2017;21(4):455–466.e4. DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2017.03.002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zomer E., Gurusamy K., Leach R., Trimmer C., Lobstein T., Morris S., James W.P., Finer N. Interventions that cause weight loss and the impact on cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes. Rev. 2016;17(10):1001–11. DOI: 10.1111/obr.12433</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zomer E., Gurusamy K., Leach R., Trimmer C., Lobstein T., Morris S., James W.P., Finer N. Interventions that cause weight loss and the impact on cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes. Rev. 2016;17(10):1001–11. DOI: 10.1111/obr.12433</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pawelec G., Akbar A., Caruso C., Solana R., Grubeck-Loebenstein B., Wikby A. Human immunosenescence: is it infectious? Immunol. Rev. 2005;205:257–68. DOI: 10.1111/j.0105-2896.2005.00271.x</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pawelec G., Akbar A., Caruso C., Solana R., Grubeck-Loebenstein B., Wikby A. Human immunosenescence: is it infectious? Immunol. Rev. 2005;205:257–68. DOI: 10.1111/j.0105-2896.2005.00271.x</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Feuerer M., Hill J.A., Mathis D., Benoist C. Foxp3+ regulatory T cells: differentiation, specification, subphenotypes. Nat. Immunol. 2009;10(7):689–95. DOI: 10.1038/ni.1760</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Feuerer M., Hill J.A., Mathis D., Benoist C. Foxp3+ regulatory T cells: differentiation, specification, subphenotypes. Nat. Immunol. 2009;10(7):689–95. DOI: 10.1038/ni.1760</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jagger A., Shimojima Y., Goronzy J.J., Weyand C.M. Regulatory T cells and the immune aging process: a mini-review. Gerontology. 2014;60(2):130–7. DOI: 10.1159/000355303</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jagger A., Shimojima Y., Goronzy J.J., Weyand C.M. Regulatory T cells and the immune aging process: a mini-review. Gerontology. 2014;60(2):130–7. DOI: 10.1159/000355303</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qu T., Walston J.D., Yang H., Fedarko N.S., Xue Q.L., Beamer B.A., Ferrucci L., Rose N.R, Leng S.X. Upregulated ex vivo expression of stress-responsive inflammatory pathway genes by LPS-challenged CD14(+) monocytes in frail older adults. Mech. Ageing Dev. 2009;130(3):161–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2008.10.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Qu T., Walston J.D., Yang H., Fedarko N.S., Xue Q.L., Beamer B.A., Ferrucci L., Rose N.R, Leng S.X. Upregulated ex vivo expression of stress-responsive inflammatory pathway genes by LPS-challenged CD14(+) monocytes in frail older adults. Mech. Ageing Dev. 2009;130(3):161–6. DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2008.10.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ridker P.M., Everett B.M., Thuren T., MacFadyen J.G., Chang W.H., Ballantyne C. и соавт. CANTOS Trial Group. Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2017;377(12):1119–1131. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1707914</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ridker P.M., Everett B.M., Thuren T., MacFadyen J.G., Chang W.H., Ballantyne C. и соавт. CANTOS Trial Group. Antiinflammatory Therapy with Canakinumab for Atherosclerotic Disease. N. Engl. J. Med. 2017;377(12):1119–1131. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1707914</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leng S.X., Dandorf S., Li H., Carlson J., Hui J., Mehta S.H., Piggott D., Islam S., Manwani B., Kirk G.D. Associations of Circulating Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Receptors 1 and 2 with Interleukin-6 Levels in an Aging Cohort of Injection Drug Users with or at High Risk for HIV Infection. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses. 2015;31(12):1257–64. DOI: 10.1089/AID.2015.0134</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leng S.X., Dandorf S., Li H., Carlson J., Hui J., Mehta S.H., Piggott D., Islam S., Manwani B., Kirk G.D. Associations of Circulating Soluble Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Receptors 1 and 2 with Interleukin-6 Levels in an Aging Cohort of Injection Drug Users with or at High Risk for HIV Infection. AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses. 2015;31(12):1257–64. DOI: 10.1089/AID.2015.0134</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Serio I., Tovoli F. Rheumatoid arthritis: new monoclonal antibodies. Drugs Today (Barc). 2018;54:219–230.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Serio I., Tovoli F. Rheumatoid arthritis: new monoclonal antibodies. Drugs Today (Barc). 2018;54:219–230.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kirk G.D., Dandorf S., Li H., Chen Y., Mehta S.H., Piggott D.A., Margolick J.B., Leng S.X. Differential Relationships among Circulating Inflammatory and Immune Activation Biomediators and Impact of Aging and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in a Cohort of Injection Drug Users. Front. Immunol. 2017;8:1343. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01343</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kirk G.D., Dandorf S., Li H., Chen Y., Mehta S.H., Piggott D.A., Margolick J.B., Leng S.X. Differential Relationships among Circulating Inflammatory and Immune Activation Biomediators and Impact of Aging and Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection in a Cohort of Injection Drug Users. Front. Immunol. 2017;8:1343. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01343</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Шмидт Е.А., Бернс С.А., Барбараш О.Л., Юхно Е.С., Зыкова Д.С., Осокина А.В. Динамика уровней цитокинов у больных инфарктом миокарда, перенесших экстренное чрескожное коронарное вмешательство. Медицинская иммунология. 2012;14(4-5):359–364. DOI: 10.15789/1563-0625-2012-4-5-359-364</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schmidt E.A., Berns S.A., Barbarash O.L., Yukhno E.S., Zykova D.S., Osokina A.V. Dynamics of cytokine levels in patients with myocardial infarction after urgent percutaneous coronary intervention. Medical Immunology (Russia). 2012;14(4-5):359–364. (In Russian). DOI: 10.15789/1563-0625-2012-4-5-359-364</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhu M., Meng P., Ling X., Zhou L. Advancements in therapeutic drugs targeting of senescence. Ther. Adv. Chronic Dis. 2020;13(11):2040622320964125. DOI: 10.1177/2040622320964125</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhu M., Meng P., Ling X., Zhou L. Advancements in therapeutic drugs targeting of senescence. Ther. Adv. Chronic Dis. 2020;13(11):2040622320964125. DOI: 10.1177/2040622320964125</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Timmers S., Konings E., Bilet L., Houtkooper R.H., van de Weijer T., и соавт. Calorie restriction-like effects of 30 days of resveratrol supplementation on energy metabolism and metabolic profile in obese humans. Cell. Metab. 2011;14(5):612–22. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2011.10.002</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Timmers S., Konings E., Bilet L., Houtkooper R.H., van de Weijer T., и соавт. Calorie restriction-like effects of 30 days of resveratrol supplementation on energy metabolism and metabolic profile in obese humans. Cell. Metab. 2011;14(5):612–22. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2011.10.002</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mao G., Li H., Ding X., Meng X., Wang G., Leng S.X. Suppressive effects of sirtinol on human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) infection and hCMV-induced activation of molecular mechanisms of senescence and production of reactive oxygen species. Mech. Ageing Dev. 2016;158:62–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2015.12.005</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mao G., Li H., Ding X., Meng X., Wang G., Leng S.X. Suppressive effects of sirtinol on human cytomegalovirus (hCMV) infection and hCMV-induced activation of molecular mechanisms of senescence and production of reactive oxygen species. Mech. Ageing Dev. 2016;158:62–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2015.12.005</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cameron A.R., Morrison V.L., Levin D., Mohan M., Forteath C., Beall C., и соавт. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Metformin Irrespective of Diabetes Status. Circ. Res. 2016;119(5):652–65. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.308445</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cameron A.R., Morrison V.L., Levin D., Mohan M., Forteath C., Beall C., и соавт. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Metformin Irrespective of Diabetes Status. Circ. Res. 2016;119(5):652–65. DOI: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.308445</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barzilai N., Crandall J.P., Kritchevsky S.B., Espeland M.A. Metformin as a Tool to Target Aging. Cell. Metab. 2016;23(6):1060– 1065. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.011</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barzilai N., Crandall J.P., Kritchevsky S.B., Espeland M.A. Metformin as a Tool to Target Aging. Cell. Metab. 2016;23(6):1060– 1065. DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2016.05.011</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ye J., Keller J.N. Regulation of energy metabolism by inflammation: a feedback response in obesity and calorie restriction. Aging (Albany NY). 2010;2(6):361–8. DOI: 10.18632/aging.100155</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ye J., Keller J.N. Regulation of energy metabolism by inflammation: a feedback response in obesity and calorie restriction. Aging (Albany NY). 2010;2(6):361–8. DOI: 10.18632/aging.100155</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kalani R., Judge S., Carter C., Pahor M., Leeuwenburgh C. Effects of caloric restriction and exercise on age-related, chronic inflammation assessed by C-reactive protein and interleukin-6. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 2006;61(3):211–7. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/61.3.211</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kalani R., Judge S., Carter C., Pahor M., Leeuwenburgh C. Effects of caloric restriction and exercise on age-related, chronic inflammation assessed by C-reactive protein and interleukin-6. J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. 2006;61(3):211–7. DOI: 10.1093/gerona/61.3.211</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Jankord R., Jemiolo B. Influence of physical activity on serum IL- 6 and IL-10 levels in healthy older men. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2004;36(6):960–4. DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000128186.09416.18</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Jankord R., Jemiolo B. Influence of physical activity on serum IL- 6 and IL-10 levels in healthy older men. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. 2004;36(6):960–4. DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000128186.09416.18</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Муркамилов И.Т., Айтбаев К.А., Фомин В.В., Муркамилова Ж.А., Сабиров И.С., Райимжанов З.Р., Реджапова Н.А., Юсупов Ф.А. Провоспалительные цитокины у больны х с хронической болезнью почек: в фокусе интерлейкин-6. Архивъ внутренней медицины. 2019;9(6):428–433. DOI: 10.20514/2226-6704-2019-9-6-428-433</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Murkamilov I.T., Aitbae K.A., Fomin V.V., Murkamilova Zh.A., Sabirov I.S., Rayimzhanov Z.R., Redzhapova N.A., Yusupov F.A. Pro-inflammatory cytokines in patients with chronic kidney disease: interleukin-6 in focus. The Russian Archives of Internal Medicine. 2019;9(6):428–433. (In Russian). DOI: 10.20514/2226-6704-2019-9-6-428-433</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
