clinmedКлиническая медицинаClinical Medicine (Russian Journal)0023-21492412-1339ООО «Медицинское информационное агентство»10.30629/0023-2149-2025-103-10-11-814-819clinmed-1297Research ArticleВ ПОМОЩЬ ПРАКТИЧЕСКОМУ ВРАЧУGUIDELINES FOR PRACTITIONERSАнализ причин отрыва сухожильных хорд и его связь с коморбидными состояниямиAnalysis of the causes of chordal rupture and its connection with comorbid statesДедовЕ. И.DedovE. I.

Дедов Евгений Иванович — д-р мед. наук, доцент, профессор кафедры госпитальной терапии № 2 лечебного факультета РНИМУ им. Н.И. Пирогова.

Москва

Evgeniy I. Dedov — Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of Hospital Therapy No. 2 of the Medical Faculty, Russian National Research Medical University named after N.I. Pirogov.

Moscow

КрайневаА. А.KrainevaA. A.

Крайнева Анна Александровна — ординатор кафедры кардиологии с курсом аритмологиии интервенционных методов диагностики и лечения ФГБУ «НМИЦ ТПМ» Минздрава России.

Москва

Anna A. Kraineva — Resident of the Cardiology Department with a Course in Arrhythmology and Interventional Methods of Diagnosis and Treatment, Federal State Institution National Medical Research Center for therapy and Preventive Medicine of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation.

Moscow

anya07kraineva@gmail.comФГАОУ ВО «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет имени Н.И. Пирогова» Минздрава РоссииРоссияN.I. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian FederationRussian Federation20251402202610310-11814819Copyright © Дедов Е.И., Крайнева А.А., 20262026Дедов Е.И., Крайнева А.А.Dedov E.I., Kraineva A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/1297

Обоснование. Отрыв сухожильных хорд — достаточно редкое осложнение различных заболеваний и состояний, происходящее как первично, так и вторично. Данное состояние способно привести к острой митральной регургитации и смерти пациента. Необходимо помнить о ряде заболеваний и состояний, которые могут явиться причиной этого осложнения или же быть фактором риска. Цель работы. Проанализировать причины отрыва сухожильных хорд, выделить наиболее частые и наиболее редкие из них. Определить связь сопутствующих заболеваний с отрывом сухожильных хорд. Материал и методы. Проведены обобщение и анализ литературных данных. Поиск литературы осуществляли в базах Scopus и Pubmed. Заключение. Разрыв сухожильных хорд остается осложнением большого ряда заболеваний. В настоящее время отрыв сухожильных хорд происходит преимущественно как осложнение дегенеративных заболеваний митрального клапана у пациентов пожилого возраста, что коррелирует с общемировой тенденцией. Роль ревматической болезни сердца и инфекционного эндокардита как причин отрыва сухожильных хорд снизилась, но все же остается значимой.

Background. Chordal rupture is a rare complication of various diseases and conditions, occurring both primary and secondary. This condition can lead to acute mitral regurgitation and death of the patient, it is necessary to keep in mind a number of diseases and conditions that can cause this complication or be a risk factor. Purposes. It nesessary to analyze the causes of tendon chord detachment, identify the most frequent and the rarest of them. Determine the association of comorbidities with tendon chord detachment. Material and methods. Literature data were summarized and analyzed. Literature search was carried out in Scopus and Pubmed databases. Conclusions. Chordal rupture remains a complication of a large number of diseases. At present, chordal rupture occurs predominantly as a complication of degenerative mitral valve diseases in elderly patients, which correlates with the global trend. The role of rheumatic heart disease and infectious endocarditis as causes of chordal rupture has decreased, but still remains significant.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.