clinmedКлиническая медицинаClinical Medicine (Russian Journal)0023-21492412-1339ООО «Медицинское информационное агентство»10.30629/0023-2149-2025-103-6-480-488clinmed-1178Research ArticleИСТОРИЯ МЕДИЦИНЫHISTORY OF MEDICINEОт крови к солевым растворам: смена парадигмы в XIX векеFrom blood to saline solutions: a paradigm shift in the 19th centuryhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2027-4020СергееваМ. С.SergeevaM. S.

Сергеева Мария Сергеевна — канд. исторических наук, доцент, Институт социальных наук

Москва

Maria S. Sergeeva — Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Institute of Social Sciences

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0078-9171КрыловН. Н.KrylovN. N.

Крылов Николай Николаевич — д-р мед. наук, профессор, Институт социальных наук

Москва

Nikolay N. Krylov —Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor of Institute of Social sciences

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1348-8813ЗобоваА. А.ZobovaA. A.

Зобова Анна Андреевна — студентка

Москва

Anna A. Zobova — student

Moscow

ФГАОУ ВО «Первый Московский государственный медицинский университет им. И.М. Сеченова» Минздрава России (Сеченовский университет)РоссияI.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russia (Sechenovskiy University)Russian Federation2025311020251036480488Copyright © Сергеева М.С., Крылов Н.Н., Зобова А.А., 20252025Сергеева М.С., Крылов Н.Н., Зобова А.А.Sergeeva M.S., Krylov N.N., Zobova A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/1178

В статье проведено комплексное исследование статистических сведений о количестве выполненных гемотрансфузий, внутривенных введений растворов солей и молока в клинической практике XIX в., выполнен библиометрический анализ частоты цитирования этих данных в системе Ngram Google books. Выявлены периоды наиболее активного экспериментального изучения и практического использования данных процедур, приходящиеся на 1830–1840 и 1870– 1880 гг. Установлены причины смены парадигмы в трансфузиологии на протяжении XIX в., отраженные в одновременном росте популярности одного и упадке другого методов лечения. Данные процессы могли быть обусловлены непосредственными результатами использования переливания крови и кровезаменителей в ходе военных конфликтов и эпидемии холеры, прогрессом в области экспериментальной физиологии, а также внедрением в клиническую практику новых методов введения инфузионных препаратов.

The article provides a comprehensive study of statistical data on the number of performed hemotransfusions, intravenous injections of salt and milk solutions in clinical practice of the XIX century. A bibliometric analysis of the frequency of citation of these data in the Ngram Google books system was performed. The periods of the most active experimental study and practical use of these procedures, occurring in 1830–1840 and 1870–1880, are revealed. The reasons for the paradigm shift in transfusiology during the 19th century have been established, refl ected in the simultaneous increase in popularity of one and the decline of the other treatment methods. These processes could be caused by the direct results of the use of blood transfusions and blood substitutes during military confl icts and the cholera epidemic, progress in the fi eld of experimental physiology, as well as the introduction into clinical practice of new methods of administration of infusion drugs.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.