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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">clinmed</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Клиническая медицина</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal)</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">0023-2149</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2412-1339</issn><publisher><publisher-name>ООО «Медицинское информационное агентство»</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.30629/0023-2149-2025-103-2-137-145</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">clinmed-1069</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Смешанная криоглобулинемия, ассоциированная с хронической HCV-инфекцией: проблемы диагностики и лечения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Mixed cryoglobulinemia associated with chronic HCV infection: problems of diagnosis and treatment</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5555-9993</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ким</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kim</surname><given-names>I. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ким Ирина Гиховна — канд. мед. наук, ведущий научный сотрудник клинико-диагностического отдела ФБУН МНИИЭМ им. Г.Н. Габричевского Роспотребнадзора; консультант-нефролог МГНПЦ нефрологии и патологии трансплантированной почки ГБУЗ «ГКБ № 52 ДЗМ г. Москвы»</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2346-1216</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богомолов</surname><given-names>П. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogomolov</surname><given-names>P. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богомолов Павел Олегович — канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры пропедевтики внутренних болезней и гастроэнтерологии ФГБОУ ВО «МГМСУ им. А.И. Евдокимова»; руководитель отделения и ведущий научный сотрудник гепатологического отделения ГБУЗ МО «МОНИКИ им. М.Ф. Владимирского»</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9724-695X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Коноплева</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Konopleva</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Коноплева Мария Вениаминовна — канд. биол. наук, старший научный сотрудник лаборатории, руководитель лаборатории медиаторов и эффекторов иммунитета отдела иммунологии </p><p> Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6686-9011</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Семененко</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Semenenko</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Семененко Татьяна Анатольевна — д-р мед. наук, профессор, главный научный сотрудник лаборатории неспецифической профилактики инфекционных заболеваний</p><p> Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5142-846X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кохановская</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kokhanovskaya</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кохановская Наталия Анатольевна — младший научный сотрудник лаборатории медиаторов и эффекторов иммунитета, отдел иммунологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4654-8138</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Казначеева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaznacheeva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Казначеева Евгения Игоревна — заведующая лаборатории общеклинических исследований Клинико-диагностических лабораторий«ИНВИТРО-Москва», ведущий специалист направления Общеклинические исследования Департамента лабораторных технологийООО «ИНВИТРО»</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5731-3284</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Суслов</surname><given-names>А. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Suslov</surname><given-names>A. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Суслов Анатолий Петрович — д-р мед. наук, профессор, ведущий научный сотрудник лаборатории медиаторов и эффекторов иммунитета отдела иммунологии</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6209-387X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Чернов</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Чернов Антон Александрович — врач-терапевт отдела клинической фармакологии </p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8013-5276</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Душкин</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dushkin</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Душкин Александр Дмитриевич — канд. мед. наук, аналитик </p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8396-1936</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Крюков</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kryukov</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Крюков Евгений Владимирович — д-р мед. наук, академик РАН, начальник ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия имени С.М. Кирова» Минобороны России</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Saint Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5271-1902</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зубкин</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zubkin</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зубкин Михаил Леонидович — д-р мед. наук, главный научный сотрудник, руководитель клинико-диагностического отдела ФБУН МНИИЭМ им. Г.Н. Габричевского Роспотребнадзора, консультант-нефролог МГНПЦ нефрологии и патологии трансплантированной почки ГБУЗ «ГКБ №52 ДЗМ г. Москвы»</p><p>Москва</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-8"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Московский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г.Н. Габричевского Роспотребнадзора»;  ГБУЗ «ГКБ № 52 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.N. Gabrichevsky National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology; Moscow City Clinical Hospital 52</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ МО «Московский областной научно-исследовательский клинический институт им. М.Ф. Владимирского»; ФГБОУ ВО «Московский государственный медико-стоматологический университет им. А.И. Евдокимова»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow Region Scientific Research Clinical Institute named after M.F. Vladimirsky; A.I. Evdokimov Moscow State Medical University of Medicine and Dentistry</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Н.Ф. Гамалеи» Минздрава России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya&#13;
of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Клинико-диагностические лаборатории «ИНВИТРО-Москва»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory INVITRO-Moscow</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-5"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБУ «Национальный исследовательский центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Н.Ф. Гамалеи» Минздрава&#13;
России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology named after Honorary Academician N.F. Gamaleya&#13;
of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-6"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ГБУЗ «ГКБ № 52 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Moscow City Clinical Hospital 52</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-7"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФГБВОУ ВО «Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова» Минобороны России</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov of the Ministry of Defense of the Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-8"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>ФБУН «Московский НИИ эпидемиологии и микробиологии им. Г.Н. Габричевского Роспотребнадзора»; ГБУЗ «ГКБ № 52 Департамента здравоохранения г. Москвы»; Филиал ФГБВОУ ВО« Военно-медицинская академия им. С.М. Кирова в г. Москве»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>G.N. Gabrichevsky National Research Centre for Epidemiology and Microbiology; Moscow City Clinical Hospital 52; Military Medical Academy named after S.M. Kirov Military Medical Academy (Moscow branch) of the Ministry of Defense of Russia</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>103</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>137</fpage><lpage>145</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ким И.Г., Богомолов П.О., Коноплева М.В., Семененко Т.А., Кохановская Н.А., Казначеева Е.И., Суслов А.П., Чернов А.А., Душкин А.Д., Крюков Е.В., Зубкин М.Л., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ким И.Г., Богомолов П.О., Коноплева М.В., Семененко Т.А., Кохановская Н.А., Казначеева Е.И., Суслов А.П., Чернов А.А., Душкин А.Д., Крюков Е.В., Зубкин М.Л.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kim I.M., Bogomolov P.O., Konopleva M.V., Semenenko T.A., Kokhanovskaya N.A., Kaznacheeva E.I., Suslov A.P., Chernov A.A., Dushkin A.D., Kryukov E.V., Zubkin M.L.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/1069">https://www.clinmedjournal.com/jour/article/view/1069</self-uri><abstract><p>Смешанная криоглобулинемия — наиболее частое внепеченочное проявление хронической HCV-инфекции. Цель исследования: изучить частоту и диагностические критерии смешанной криоглобулинемии (СКГ), ассоциированной с хронической HCV-инфекцией. Материал и методы. В исследование включено 83 пациента с хронической HCV-инфекцией в возрасте 50,5 ± 12,6 года, из них мужчин 37 (44,6%). Исследовали наличие криоглобулинов (КГ), рассчитывали величину криокрита, определяли ревматоидный фактор (РФ), С4-компонент комплемента и отдельные параметры клеточного иммунитета. Оценивали частоту СКГ, ее манифестных проявлений и иммунологических нарушений, а также влияние противовирусной терапии. Результаты. СКГ обнаружена у 61,4% пациентов. Манифестные формы заболевания наблюдались чаще в группе больных с криокритом 1% и выше по сравнению с пациентами, у которых его величина составляла 0,5–0,99% (р &lt; 0,017). В многофакторной модели при пороговом значении криокрита 0,5% выявление КГ коррелировало с длительностью инфицирования HCV (р = 0,001), а при величине криокрита 1% — также со снижением С4-компонента комплемента (р &lt; 0,025). Устойчивый вирусологический ответ через 12 нед. после завершения (УВО12) после терапии препаратами прямого противовирусного действия (ПППД) составил 100%. Несмотря на элиминацию вируса, у 29,4% больных сохранялась криоглобулинемия. У 80% пациентов с криоглобулинемическим васкулитом после исчезновения КГ оставались иммунологические нарушения. Заключение. СКГ развивается более чем у половины больных с хронической HCV-инфекцией и может быть диагностирована при показателях криокрита, превышающих 0,5%. Раннее начало терапии ПППД является ключевым фактором профилактики СКГ. Развитие УВО не исключает персистирование СКГ и иммунологических нарушений в ранние сроки после ПВТ, что требует обязательного длительного мониторинга этих показателей.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Mixed cryoglobulinemia is the most common extrahepatic manifestation of chronic HCV infection. Objective of the study. To investigate the frequency and diagnostic criteria of mixed cryoglobulinemia (MCG) associated with chronic HCV infection. Material and methods. The study included 83 patients with chronic HCV infection, aged 50.5 ± 12.6 years, of which 37 (44.6%) were men. The presence of cryoglobulins (CG) was examined, the cryocrit value was calculated, and rheumatoid factor (RF), complement component C4, and individual parameters of cellular immunity were determined. The frequency of MCG, its manifest forms, and immunological disorders were assessed, as well as the impact of antiviral therapy. Results. MCG was found in 61.4% of patients. Manifest forms of the disease were more frequently observed in the group of patients with a cryocrit of 1% or higher compared to those with a cryocrit of 0.5–0.99% (p &lt; 0.017). In a multifactorial model, at a threshold cryocrit value of 0.5%, the detection of CG correlated with the duration of HCV infection (p = 0.001), and at a cryocrit value of 1%, it also correlated with a decrease in complement component C4 (p &lt; 0.025). A sustained virological response (SVR) 12 weeks after the completion of therapy with direct-acting antiviral agents (DAAs) was achieved in 100% of patients. Despite the elimination of the virus, 29.4% of patients continued to have cryoglobulinemia. In 80% of patients with cryoglobulinemic vasculitis, immunological disorders persisted after the disappearance of CG. Conclusion. MCG develops in more than half of patients with chronic HCV infection and can be diagnosed with cryocrit values exceeding 0.5%. Early initiation of DAA therapy is a key factor in the prevention of MCG. The development of SVR does not exclude the persistence of MCG and immunological disorders in the early period after antiviral therapy, which necessitates mandatory long-term monitoring of these parameters.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>хроническая HCV-инфекция</kwd><kwd>смешанная криоглобулинемия</kwd><kwd>криоглобулинемический васкулит</kwd><kwd>противовирусная терапия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chronic HCV infection</kwd><kwd>mixed cryoglobulinemia</kwd><kwd>cryoglobulinemic vasculitis</kwd><kwd>antiviral therapy</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Brouet J.C., Clauvel J.P., Danon F., Klein M., Seligmann M. Biologic and clinical significance of cryoglobulins. A report of 86 cases. Am. J. Med. 1974;57(5):775–788. 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